{"id":197,"date":"2018-02-12T19:00:06","date_gmt":"2018-02-12T18:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fabinv.de\/?p=197"},"modified":"2019-08-30T13:42:23","modified_gmt":"2019-08-30T11:42:23","slug":"instalar-fhem-mqtt-modulo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/instalar-fhem-mqtt-modulo\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo: Instalar FHEM - M\u00f3dulo MQTT"},"content":{"rendered":"

En el art\u00edculo RaspberryPi: instale el servidor MQTT en RaspberryPi<\/a><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0Escrib\u00ed un poco sobre MQTT y expliqu\u00e9 c\u00f3mo instalar su propio servidor MQTT en RaspberryPi.<\/p>\n

Para que tambi\u00e9n pueda usar un servidor MQTT de FHEM, todav\u00eda tiene que instalar algunos m\u00f3dulos FHEM. He descrito c\u00f3mo funciona esto y a qu\u00e9 debe prestar atenci\u00f3n en el siguiente art\u00edculo.<\/p>\n

\n

Descripci\u00f3n general<\/h2>\n

Antes de que pueda comenzar a instalar el m\u00f3dulo MQTT, debe haber preparado el RaspberryPi para que FHEM est\u00e9 instalado y pueda configurarse a trav\u00e9s del men\u00fa web.
\nLos siguientes tres art\u00edculos describen lo que se debe hacer para preparar la RaspberryPi:
\nRaspberryPi: \u00a1configuraci\u00f3n para nerdiys!<\/a><\/strong><\/em>
\nRaspberryPI \u2013 \u00a1La primera configuraci\u00f3n!
\n<\/a>RaspberryPi: controle el RaspberryPi a trav\u00e9s de SSH<\/a>
\n<\/a><\/strong><\/em>FHEM \u2013 Instalaci\u00f3n en RaspberryPi<\/strong><\/em><\/a>
\nRaspberryPi: instale el servidor MQTT en RaspberryPi<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Herramienta requerida:
\n<\/strong>-No-
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Material requerido:<\/strong><\/p>\n

En la siguiente lista encontrar\u00e1 todas las piezas que necesita para implementar este art\u00edculo.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/colgroup>\n <\/table>\n \n \n \n<\/div>\n\n
\n

Inicie sesi\u00f3n en RaspberryPi a trav\u00e9s de SSH<\/h2>\r\n

Para comenzar, primero debe iniciar sesi\u00f3n en Rasp Pi con Putty a trav\u00e9s de SSH. C\u00f3mo hacer esto est\u00e1 en el art\u00edculo. RaspberryPi - Controle el RaspberryPi a trav\u00e9s de SSH<\/strong><\/em><\/a> descrito.<\/p>\r\n

\"\"<\/a>
Despu\u00e9s de ingresar su nombre de usuario y contrase\u00f1a, puede ingresar los primeros comandos.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

Gesti\u00f3n de paquetes de actualizaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\r\n

La gesti\u00f3n de paquetes en Linux es un "lugar central" a trav\u00e9s del cual se pueden instalar varios paquetes de software. Para que esto funcione de manera confiable, las listas y fuentes de administraci\u00f3n de paquetes deben actualizarse antes de cada instalaci\u00f3n de nuevos paquetes.<\/p>\r\n

\"\"<\/a>
Para iniciar la actualizaci\u00f3n de la gesti\u00f3n de paquetes, debe ingresar el siguiente comando.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n
sudo apt-obtener actualizaci\u00f3n && sudo apt-obtener actualizaci\u00f3n<\/pre>\r\n
\"\"<\/a>
Dependiendo de cu\u00e1nto tiempo hace que fue la \u00faltima actualizaci\u00f3n de la administraci\u00f3n de paquetes, este proceso ahora puede demorar un tiempo. Las listas que hacen referencia a las fuentes de paquetes individuales se actualizan primero.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n
\"\"<\/a>
Despu\u00e9s de eso, los paquetes en s\u00ed se actualizan. Dado que la memoria adicional est\u00e1 ocupada, se le pedir\u00e1 nuevamente su consentimiento. Tienes que confirmar esto con una "J" y "Enter".<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n
\"\"<\/a>
Una vez que se complete la actualizaci\u00f3n, ver\u00e1 un peque\u00f1o resumen de la duraci\u00f3n y el alcance de la actualizaci\u00f3n.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
Instalar paquetes Perl MQTT<\/h2>\n
Para que FHEM pueda comunicarse con el servidor MQTT, se deben instalar dos paquetes de Perl.
\nDebe iniciar sesi\u00f3n en Rasp Pi con Putty e ingresar los siguientes comandos:<\/p>\n
sudo cpan install Net::MQTT:Simple sudo cpan install Net::MQTT:Constantes<\/pre>\n
La consulta "\u00bfLe gustar\u00eda configurar tanto como sea posible de forma autom\u00e1tica?" [s\u00ed]\u201d confirmas con \u201cs\u00ed\u201d y entras.<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a>
La instalaci\u00f3n de los dos paquetes me llev\u00f3 unos cinco minutos. As\u00ed que tiempo suficiente para tomar otra taza de caf\u00e9. \ud83d\ude42<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
Reiniciar FHEM<\/h2>\n
Para que FHEM reconozca los paquetes reci\u00e9n instalados, FHEM debe reiniciarse una vez. Para hacer esto, debe ingresar los siguientes dos comandos uno tras otro. Esto primero detendr\u00e1 el servidor y luego lo iniciar\u00e1 de nuevo. Puede encontrar m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre la parada y el arranque en el art\u00edculo FHEM - estructura, m\u00f3dulos y cosas que vale la pena saber<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n
sudo \/etc\/init.d\/fhem detener sudo \/etc\/init.d\/fhem iniciar<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\n
Definir clientes MQTT<\/h2>\n
Para que ahora pueda enviar y recibir datos a trav\u00e9s de FHEM MQTT, FHEM debe registrarse con el servidor MQTT como cliente. Solo tiene que crear este cliente una vez. Todos los sensores o actuadores registrados en FHEM luego reciben datos a trav\u00e9s de estos clientes o pueden enviar sus datos a trav\u00e9s de ellos.<\/p>\n
Para registrar el cliente MQTT en FHEM, debe cambiar a la interfaz web de FHEM.
\nHay un campo de entrada en el \u00e1rea superior donde podemos ingresar la definici\u00f3n del cliente MQTT.<\/p>\n
La definici\u00f3n es (por ejemplo):<\/p>\n
definir mqttCliente MQTT 127.0.0.1:1883<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n
El comando cre\u00f3 el cliente MQTT en FHEM. Pero este no puede hacer mucho.<\/p>\n
\n
Para probar la funci\u00f3n creamos un MQTT_ DEVICE. Este m\u00f3dulo se puede utilizar para suscribirse a temas de MQTT en FHEM y tambi\u00e9n para publicar datos.<\/p>\n
La definici\u00f3n de nuestro peque\u00f1o m\u00f3dulo de prueba es:<\/p>\n
definir mqttTest MQTT_DEVICE; attr mqttTest subscribeReading_testTopic testTopic; attr mqttTest publicarSet_testTopic testTopic;<\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Ingrese esto nuevamente en el campo de texto en la p\u00e1gina de configuraci\u00f3n web de FHEM.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
Despu\u00e9s de definir el m\u00f3dulo de prueba, no ser\u00e1 llevado directamente a su p\u00e1gina de configuraci\u00f3n. Puede encontrarlo en la "Habitaci\u00f3n" "Sin clasificar" y luego en "mqttTest".<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
La p\u00e1gina de configuraci\u00f3n del m\u00f3dulo que acaba de definir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
Enviar mensaje de prueba y verificar recibo<\/h2>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Para enviar y recibir un mensaje de prueba, debe cambiar a la p\u00e1gina de configuraci\u00f3n del m\u00f3dulo definido. All\u00ed puede ingresar cualquier texto en el campo de texto con un c\u00edrculo rojo.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
A continuaci\u00f3n, puede enviar este texto haciendo clic en "establecer". Luego se env\u00eda al servidor MQTT a trav\u00e9s de MQTT con el tema "testTopic".<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
Dado que tambi\u00e9n nos suscribimos al tema "testTopic" al definir el m\u00f3dulo, recibimos una actualizaci\u00f3n de esta lectura "testTopic" ahora mismo. As\u00ed que el texto que enviamos fue recibido nuevamente. Entonces la configuraci\u00f3n en FHEM funciona. \ud83d\ude42<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
Ahora ha hecho que su instalaci\u00f3n de FHEM sea compatible con MQTT.<\/p>\n
Divi\u00e9rtete con el proyecto.<\/h2>\r\n
Espero que todo te haya funcionado como se describe. Si no es as\u00ed, o si tiene alguna pregunta o sugerencia, h\u00e1gamelo saber en los comentarios. Si es necesario, lo a\u00f1adir\u00e9 al art\u00edculo.
Las ideas para nuevos proyectos siempre son bienvenidas. \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\r\n
PS Muchos de estos proyectos, especialmente los proyectos de hardware, cuestan mucho tiempo y dinero. Por supuesto que hago esto porque lo disfruto, pero si crees que es genial que comparta la informaci\u00f3n contigo, me encantar\u00eda hacer una peque\u00f1a donaci\u00f3n al fondo del caf\u00e9. \ud83d\ude42<\/strong><\/p>\r\n
\"C\u00f3mprame<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0   \"\"<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
En el art\u00edculo RaspberryPi: instale el servidor MQTT en RaspberryPi, escrib\u00ed un poco sobre MQTT y expliqu\u00e9 c\u00f3mo instalar su propio servidor MQTT en RaspberryPi. Con eso [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":282,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[149,57,61],"tags":[33,35,42,25,47,51],"class_list":["post-197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abendprojekt2h","category-fhem","category-smarthome","tag-automatisierung","tag-fhem","tag-mqtt","tag-raspberrypi","tag-raspi","tag-smarthome"],"yoast_head":"\nHowTo: FHEM \u2013 MQTT Modul installieren - 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February 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Eine Begriff \u00fcber den man im t\u00e4glichen Leben immer \u00f6fter stolpert ist \"SmartHome\". Aber was verbirgt sich dahinter? Und brauche ich das unbedingt? Smart-Home(=Intelligentes Zuhause) ist dabei ein Oberbegriff f\u00fcr die Vernetzung diverser Ger\u00e4te im Haushalt. Die Idealvorstellung dabei ist, dass immer mehr Ger\u00e4te im Haushalt miteinander kommunizieren, Daten austauschen\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "FHEM"","block_context":{"text":"FHEM","link":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/categoria\/fhem\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Screenshot-219.png?fit=661%2C420&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Screenshot-219.png?fit=661%2C420&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Screenshot-219.png?fit=661%2C420&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":202,"url":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/fhem-nanocul-instalar\/","url_meta":{"origin":197,"position":5},"title":"C\u00f3mo: FHEM - instalar nanoCul","author":"Fab","date":"22. February 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"So richtig Spa\u00df macht ein Smart-Home-System erst dann, wenn es mit anderen Komponenten kommunizieren kann. Da viele Systeme zur Kommunikation Funkverbindungen nutzen ist es nur logisch FHEM so bald wie m\u00f6glich ebenfalls Funk-f\u00e4hig zu machen. Die meisten Sensoren und Aktoren im Smart-Home Bereich setzen dabei neben W-Lan und Bluetooth auf\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Abendprojekt(<2h)"","block_context":{"text":"Abendprojekt(<2h)","link":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/categoria\/proyecto-vespertino2h\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/20171107_160724-1-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/20171107_160724-1-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/20171107_160724-1-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/20171107_160724-1-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/nerdiy.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/20171107_160724-1-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=197"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nerdiy.de\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}