In the article RaspberryPi - Install MQTT Server on the RaspberryPi I had written a little to MQTT and explained how to install a separate MQTT server on the RaspberryPi.
In order to be able to use an MQTT server also from FHEM, you still have to install a few FHEM modules. How to do that and what you have to pay attention to, I have described in the following article.
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Requirements
Before you start with this article, you should have prepared the RaspberryPi so far that it can be reached via the network and controlled by SSH.
The following three articles describe what to do to prepare the RaspberryPi:
RaspberryPi - Setting up for Nerdiys!
RaspberryPi - The First Configuration!
RaspberryPi - Control the RaspberryPi via SSH
FHEM—Installation and entry into FHEM
RaspberryPi – Install MQTT server on the RaspberryPi
Needed tools:
-none-
Materials required:
In the following list you will find all the parts you need to implement this article.
Log in via SSH on the RaspberryPi
To get started, you first need to log in to RasPi with SSH on Putty. How to do it is described in the article

Update package management
The package management in Linux is a "central point" over which various software packages can be installed. For this to work reliably, the lists and sources of package management should be updated before installing any new packages.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade



Install Perl MQTT packages
In order for FHEM to communicate with the MQTT server, two Perl packages must be installed.

sudo apt-get install libmodule-pluggable-perl && sudo cpan install Net::MQTT:Simple && sudo cpan install Net::MQTT:Constants

Create MQTT clients
In order to be able to establish a connection with an MQTT device in the next step, an MQTT client must first be created. This later saves all necessary information for the connection to the MQTT server.

define mqttClient MQTT 192.168.0.1:1883
The command to create an MQTT client is equivalent to the following "define name-of-mqtt-client MQTT host-or-ip-des-mqtt-server: port-des-server". If your MQTT server has the IP address "192.168.0.1", the port 1883 corresponds to the default port for MQTT, the command for creating the MQTT client is "define mqttClient MQTT 192.168.0.1:1883". Of course, any other name can be used for "mqttClient".

shutdown restart
After the server is restarted, you are ready to create new MQTT bridges and devices.


Set up MQTT bridge using the example of a MAX! Heating thermostat
In this example, we create an MQTT bridge. As the name suggests, the MQTT bridge connects something with each other. In this case, the MAX! Heating thermostat with the MQTT world. This link works in principle according to the same scheme with all already installed sensors or actuators. In the case of the MAX! Heating thermostat this works with the following command.

defineHeatingWorkroomMqtt MQTT_BRIDGE MAX_15504f
This will create the module "HeizungArbeitszimmerMqtt" of type "MQTT_BRIDGE" and link it with the existing module "MAX_15504f".


There is the attribute "publishReading_XYZ" for this. This will cause the MQTT Bridge to automatically forward all updates on the Reading "XYZ" to the specified topic.

attr HeizArbeitszimmerMqtt publishReading_temperature heizung/Arbeitszimmer/temperature
Make sure that "publishReading" and "temperature" (the reading of the Radiator Thermostat (or any other sensor/actuator)) are associated with an underscore. This results in "publishReading_temperature".
For reading "Battery" the whole thing would look like this.
attr HeizArbeitszimmerMqtt publishReading_battery heizung/Arbeitszimmer/battery

attr HeizArbeitszimmerMqtt subscribeSet_desiredTemperature heizung/Arbeitszimmer/desiredTemperature
This causes the topic "heizung/Arbeitszimmer/desiredTemperature" to be subscribed to and any incoming value automatically entered in the reading "desiredTemperature". In this way you can control the desired temperature of the heating thermostat via MQTT message.

Testing the adjusted MQTT bridge
One way to test the newly created MQTT bridge is described here.
In addition, I have made a mini-MQTT viewer in NodeRed, which shows you the values that are sent to the selected topics "heating/workroom/temperature" and "heating/workroom/battery". You also have the option to send the value 25 to the topic "heating/study/desiredTemperature". As a result, if everything works properly, the associated radiator thermostat will be set to 25 °C.


… find the reading “desiredTemperature”. This is the reading that we have linked in the MQTT bridge configuration to the MQTT topic "heating/workroom/desiredTemperature". Here you will also see the current value of the read and the time of the last update.
If you click on the inject node in the self-built MQTT viewer, you send the value 25 to the topic "heating/study/desiredTemperature". This should now also update the reading of your heating thermostat to the value 25. In addition, the time of the last update is set to the current time.
In order to test the opposite way – ie the publication of a modified read to an MQTT topic – it is sufficient to scroll to the very top in the detail view of the MAX! Heating thermostat. Once there, you change the desired temperature of your heating thermostat as shown.

Create MQTT device using the example of a temperature sensor
Another possibility of the MQTT module is the creation of MQTT devices. This includes all sensors or devices that send their measured values directly via MQTT. In order to capture these values and summarize them in a virtual sensor, you need to create an MQTT device.
In this example, we have a temperature sensor in our network that periodically sends the measured temperature value via the MQTT topic "Umweltdaten/keller/Temp". In order to detect this, an MQTT device is first created with the following command.
define kellerSensor MQTT_DEVICE


Of course, before this MQTT_Device can display values, it must first be linked to the desired MQTT topic. In this example we want to show all values in the created MQTT device in the MQTT topic "Umweltdaten/keller/Temp".
For this you have to set the following attributes:
attr kellerSensor subscribeReading_Temp Ambient Data/keller/Temp
This causes the reading "Temp" to be created in the MQTT_Device "kellerSensor" and linked to the subscribed topic "Umweltdaten/keller/Temp".

To make the view even better, you can specify with the following attribute that the value of the readings Temp should be followed by a "°C".
attr kellerSensor stateFormat Temp °C


Additional Information
https://wiki.fhem.de/wiki/MQTT_Einf%C3%BChrung
Have fun with the project
I hope everything worked as described. If not or you have any other questions or suggestions, please let me know in the comments. Also, ideas for new projects are always welcome. 🙂
P.S. Many of these projects - especially the hardware projects - cost a lot of time and money. Of course I do this because I enjoy it, but if you appreciate that I share this information with you, I would be happy about a small donation to the coffee box. 🙂
Hi Fab
Thank you so much for all of the information you have made available here. I have spent many years with home assistant, and no time at all with FHEM which I am now using to try to get better control of my FHT heating devices. If I can get FHEM communicating with an existing MQTT server that would be my dream.
I have FHEM running on Raspian OS within a docker container, the install went as per your advice with no errors – but when I try to enter the commands via FHEM web front end I get Cannot load module MQTT_BRIDGE or Cannot load module MQTT_CLIENT which makes me think either I've messed up not installing the perl/mqtt from within the docker container or I've not done something within FHEM to invoke the new MQTT capability?
Kind regards
Nick